Nutritional status in students following a plant-based diet at the Adventist University of Chile. A descriptive study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2024905Keywords:
Vegetarian Diet, Nutritional Status, Cardiovascular RiskAbstract
Introduction: the last decade has been characterized by an increase in people's interest in eating a plant-based diet (PBD). This dietary pattern partially or wholly excludes foods of animal origin, from which different subgroups of diets are derived, which are defined by the type of food of animal origin that is excluded or consumed.
Objective: describe the nutritional status of students on a PBD at the Adventist University of Chile.
Methods: This is a descriptive observational study, with non-probabilistic snowball sampling. The primary variable was nutritional status, secondary variables were CVR, PBD subgroups and motivations.
Results: a total of 50 subjects participated, with a mean age of 23,4 years, 56 % of whom were women. The predominant nutritional status was normal with 66 %, and low cardiovascular risk (86 %). According to the questionnaire, the majority of the students reported a flexitarian diet (48 %), with the most frequently mentioned motivation for a DBP being health and wellbeing (94 %).
Conclusions: at the Adventist University of Chile, students who follow a plant-based diet tend to have a normal nutritional status, with their main motivation being related to obtaining health benefits. These findings could contribute to understanding the dietary trends and motivations behind plant-based diets in university students
References
1. Hargreaves S, Raposo A, Saraiva A, Zandonadi R. Vegetarian Diet: An Overview through the Perspective of Quality of Life Domains. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15 abr 2024];18(8):4067. doi:10.3390/ijerph18084067
2. Craig WJ, Mangels AR, Fresán U, Marsh K, Miles FL, Saunders AV, et al. The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals. Nutrients [Internet].2021 [citado 15 abr 2024];13(11):4144. doi:10.3390/nu13114144
3. Kwasny T, Dobernig K, Riefler P. Towards reduced meat consumption: A systematic literature review of intervention effectiveness, 2001-2019. Appetite [Internet]. 2022 [citado 15 abr 2024];168:e105739. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105739
4. Mathur M, Robinson T, Reichling D, Gardner C, Nadler J, Bain P, et al. Reducing meat consumption by appealing to animal welfare: protocol for a meta-analysis and theoretical review. Syst Rev [Internet]. 2020 [citado 15 abr 2024];9(1):3. doi:10.1186/s13643-019-1264-5
5. Satija A, Hu F. Plant-based diets and cardiovascular health. Trends Cardiovasc Med [Internet]. 2018 [citado 15 abr 2024];28(7):437-41. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2018.02.004
6. Morales G, Ruíz F, Bes-Rastrollo M, Schifferli I, Muñoz A, Celedón N. Plant-based diets and cardio-metabolic risk factors: what does the evidence say? Rev Chil Nutr [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15 abr 2024];48(3): 425-36. doi:10.4067/s0717-75182021000300425
7. Chuang T, Lin C, Wang Y. Effects of vegetarian diet on bone mineral density. Tzu Chi Med J [Internet]. 2020[citado 15 abr 2024];33(2):128-34. doi: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_84_20
8. Craig, W, Mangels, A R, American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: vegetarian diets. Spanish Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics [Internet]. 2010 [citado 15 abr 2024];14(1):10-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2009.05.027
9. Rogerson D. Vegan diets: practical advice for athletes and exercisers. J Int Soc Sports Nutr [Internet]. 2017 [citado 15 abr 2024];14(36):2-15. doi: 10.1186/s12970-017-0192-9
10. Aravena J, Zubarew T, Bedregal P, Zuzulich S, Urrejola P. Vegetarian diets in first-year university students. Rev Chil Pediatr [Internet]. 2020 [citado 15 abr 2024]; 91(5):705-10. doi: 10.32641/rchped.vi91i5.2143
11. García E, Gallego-Narbón A, Vaquero M. ¿Son las dietas vegetarianas nutricionalmente adecuadas? Una revisión de la evidencia científica. Hosp Nutr [Internet]. 2019 [citado 15 abr 2024];36(4):950-61. doi: 10.20960/nh.02550
12. Rocha JP, Laster J, Bhavyata Pd, Shah NU. Multiple health benefits and minimal risks associated with vegetarian diets. Curr Nutr Rep [Internet]. 2019 [citado 15 abr 2024]; 8(4):374-81. doi: s13668-019-00298-w
13. Rizzo G, Laganá A, Rapisarda A, La Ferrera G, Buscema M, Rossetti P, et al. Vitamin B12 among Vegetarians: Status, Assessment and Supplementation. Nutrients [Internet]. 2016 [citado 15 abr 2024];8(12):767. doi: 10.3390/nu8120767
14. Bakaloudi D, Halloran A, Dardavesis T, Williams J, Wickamasinghe K, Breda J, et al. Intake and adequacy of the vegan diet. A systematic review of the evidence. Clinical Nutrition [Internet]. 2021 [citado 15 abr 2024];40(5):3503-21. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.11.035
15. Soto F, Webar J, Palacios I. Whole food plant based diet: its mechanisms for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Rev Fac Hum [Internet]. 2022 [citado 15 abr 2024]; 22(1):162-70 doi: 10.25176/rfmh.v22i1.3616
16. Penner Teichgräf M, González N. Estado nutricional, hábitos de alimentación y de estilo de vida en vegetarianos de Asunción y Gran Asunción, Paraguay Rev Chil Nutr [Internet]. 2020 [citado 15 abr 2024];47(5):782-91. doi:10.4067/s0717-75182020000500782
17. González L, Carreño Cristina, Estrada A, Monsalve J, Álvarez L. Exceso de peso corporal en estudiantes universitarios según variables sociodemográficas y estilos de vida. Rev Chil Nutr [Internet]. 2017 [citado 15 abr 2024];44(3):251-61. doi: 10.4067/s0717-75182017000300251
18. Hidalgo M. Lifestyle and the prevalence of vegetarianism in Seventh-day Adventist Hispanics. [Tesis de maestría en Internet]. Michigan(EEUU): Andrews University;2013 [citado 15 abr 2024];10. Disponible en: https://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=theses
19. Organización de las naciones unidas para la agricultura y la alimentación. Educación en Alimentación y Nutrición para la Enseñanza Básica [Internet]. Santiago: FAO; 2003 [citado el 23 de noviembre de 2022] Disponible en: https://www.fao.org/3/am401s/am401s00.htm
20. Castillo I, Armas N, Dueñas A, González O, Arocha C, Castillo A. Riesgo cardiovascular según tablas de la OMS, el estudio Framingham y la razón apolipoproteína B/apolipoproteína A1. Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd [Internet]. 2010 [citado 14 oct 2022];29(4):479-88. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-03002010000400008
21. NIH. Dietary supplements [Internet]. Bethesda: Estados Unidos: NIH [Citado 12 oct 2022]. Disponible en https://www.nia.nih.gov/espanol/suplementos-dieteticos.
22. Real Academia Española. [Internet]. Motivación [citado 12 oct 2022]. Disponible en https://dle.rae.es/motivaci%C3%B3n
23. Suverza A, Haua K. El ABCD de la evaluación del estado de nutrición. 1ra ed. Nueva York: Mc Graw Hill;2010.
24. Moreno G. Definición y clasificación de la obesidad. Rev médica Clín Las Condes [Internet]. 2012 [citado 15 abr 2024];23(2):124-28. doi: 10.1016/S0716-8640(12)70288-2
25. Klein S, Allison D, Heymsfield S, Kelley D, Leibel R, Nonas C, et al. Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: a consensus statement from Shaping America's Health: Partnership for Weight Control and Obesity Prevention; NAASO, The Obesity Society; the American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition [Internet]. 2007 [citado 15 abr 2024];85(5):1197-202. doi:10.1093/ajcn/85.5.1197
26. Guzmán R, Hernández P, Herrera H. Consumo de alimentos, estado nutricional antropométrico, actividad física y motivaciones de vegetarianismo en adultos venezolanos. Arch Latinoam Nutr [Internet]. 2022 [citado 15 abr 2024];72(3):163-73. doi:10.37527/2022.72.3.002
27. Ministerio de Salud Chile. Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016 – 2017 Primeros resultados. Santiago de Chile, 2017. Disponible en: http://epi.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/ENS_2016_2017_Informe_final_V4.3.pdf
28. Centurión E, González A, Rojas M, Burgos R, Meza E. Conocimiento, prácticas y actitudes alimentarias de vegetarianos en Paraguay. Mem. Inst. Investig. Sci. Health [Internet]. 2018 [citado 15 abr 2024];16(1): 19-25. doi: 10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2018.016(01)19-025
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Jorge Fernández, Xabier Saavedra, José Torres (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The article is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Unless otherwise stated, associated published material is distributed under the same licence.
