Circular economy in International Trade: impact on exports from emerging countries

Abstract

Introduction: the circular economy has established itself as a strategic model for boosting sustainability and competitiveness in international trade. This approach is gaining relevance in emerging countries, where export diversification and resilience are crucial. The objective was to analyze the impact of the circular economy on the exports of ten countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa, considering its capacity to generate advantages on the global stage.
Methods: a quantitative-comparative approach was adopted, complemented by a trade network perspective. To measure circular dynamics, the Export Circularity Index (ICE) was designed and applied for the period 2015–2024. It was based on sectoral export data, with a special focus on reconditioned, recycled, and reusable products, and the identification of trade links between emerging countries and strategic partners.
or unstructured, no longer than 250 words; written in the past tense and in the third person singular.
Results: the findings show sustained growth in the proportion of circular products exported, with sectors such as refurbished electronics, recycled textiles, and reusable plastics taking center stage. Circular exports showed greater resilience to global crises, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis of trade networks revealed greater density in international linkages, although the risk of concentration in a few markets persists.
Conclusions: the circular economy is emerging as a driver for strengthening the sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience of emerging economies in international trade. However, regulatory advances and structural limitations continue to hinder its consolidation as an export model.