Harmonic control in a photovoltaic microgrid and prediction using Monte Carlo simulation

Abstract

Introduction: Photovoltaic systems are a key alternative for electricity generation, although they present harmonic distortion due to inverters. However, this study presents alternatives to avoid continuity problems in the grid.
Objective: For this reason, this study analyzes harmonic mitigation in a microgrid modeled in real time at Redes y Telecomunicaciones Cotopaxi to ensure the stability, efficiency, and longevity of the equipment connected to the grid.
Method: Evaluating three control strategies: conventional MPPT, MPPT with passive filter, and a fuzzy controller, using data measured in real time over a period of seven days.
This study was based on seven scientific articles, three websites, and regulations related to the topic. 
Results: The results show that the fuzzy controller is the best option, reducing THDv to 4.09% and THDi to 4.41% with a stability time of 0.028 s, remaining within the limits established by the IEEE 519 standard and being a more economical alternative. while passive filters reduced THDv from 13.19% to 0.69% and THDi from 22.81% to 0.03%. However, this option involves a higher economic cost.
Conclusions: Finally, the Monte Carlo method allowed the THD to be predicted with results similar to the FLC, validating its effectiveness under variable conditions and confirming its stability and efficiency.