Key Factors and Practices Shaping Lactating Mothers’ Use of Lactogenic Agents for Infant Health: A Nursing Perspective in Saudi Arabia and Arab Countries
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt20252382Keywords:
Lactogenic agents, Exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, Nursing support, Saudi ArabiaAbstract
Introduction: Lactogenic agents are used by breastfeeding mothers in Saudi Arabia to enhance milk production, influenced by maternal knowledge, cultural practices, family advice, and professional guidance. Evidence on their use and outcomes is limited.
Objective: To explore factors affecting lactogenic agent use and the role of nursing support in promoting safe, effective lactation practices in Saudi Arabia and Arab countries.
Methods: A systematic search following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, IMEMR, and Arab World Research Source for studies from 2000 to March 2025. Cross-sectional, cohort, quasi-experimental, and mixed-methods studies were included. Data extraction and quality appraisal were independently performed by two reviewers.
Results: Thirteen studies involving ~4,200 mothers aged 18–40 years were included. Exclusive breastfeeding at six months ranged from 20–42%. Herbal galactagogues, mainly fenugreek, anise, and black seed, were most used; pharmacological agents were rare. Determinants of use included perceived milk insufficiency, maternal knowledge and self-efficacy, family advice, social media exposure, delivery mode, and workplace constraints. Nurse-led counseling and structured postpartum education improved maternal self-efficacy and breastfeeding duration. Adverse effects were infrequent and mild.
Conclusion: Lactogenic agent use is widespread, but evidence for efficacy is limited. Exclusive breastfeeding continuation depends on maternal self-efficacy, professional support, and structural factors. Nurses play a pivotal role in providing evidence-based guidance to optimize breastfeeding outcomes.
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