Omah Karier: A web-based individual planning model to enhance career exploration among junior high school students in Surakarta, Indonesia

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt20252076

Keywords:

career, exploration, individual, planning, omah, karier

Abstract

Introduction: The urgency of this research was to determine an effective model of individualized planning services as part of the guidance and counseling program components to encourage students to undertake career exploration. Career exploration was important because it could predict an individual's adjustment in the transition to further education, learning commitment, and academic motivation. 
Objectives: This study aimed to produce an individualized planning service model assisted by the "Omah Karier" website to improve the career exploration of junior high school students in Surakarta that met the criteria of feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness.
Methods: This study employed the ADDIE model to develop and validate a product, involving experts, teachers, and students at different trial stages. The feasibility and practicality of the product were evaluated using established frameworks and were analyzed with Aiken's V and CVI. Furthermore, its effectiveness was measured through the Career Exploration Survey and was tested using a Paired Sample T-Test.
Result: The study produced an individualized planning service model assisted by the “Omah Karier” website to enhance students’ career exploration. The feasibility test showed high validity with Aiken’s V scores of 0.89 (material), 0.87 (media), and 0.91 (language), while the practicality test showed I-CVI values between 0.91–1.00. The effectiveness test revealed a significant improvement with t = -19.542 and p < 0.005, proving the model effectively supported students’ career exploration.
Conclusion: This service model proved to be effective in increasing students' career exploration and could be leveraged as an alternative guidance service to support students' career goals.

References

1. Lau PL, Chung YB, Wang L. Effects of a Career Exploration Intervention on Students’ Career Maturity and Self-Concept. J Career Dev. 2021;48(4):311–24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845319853385

2. Hirschi A, Läge D. Using accuracy of self-estimated interest type as a sign of career choice readiness in career assessment of secondary students. J Career Assess. 2008;16(3):310–25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072708317372

3. Germeijs V, Verschueren K. High school students’ career decision-making process: Development and validation of the study choice task inventory. J Career Assess. 2006;14(4):449–71. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072706286510

4. Çarkıt E, Assist R, Hacı N, Veli B. The Relations between Career Adaptability, Career Engagement, and Life Satisfaction. Psycho-Educational Res Rev. 2022;11(3):412–25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.52963/PERR_Biruni_V11.N3.02

5. Esters LT. Career Exploratory Behaviors of. 2008;49(1). Available from: https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.2008.03023

6. Cheung R, Arnold J. The impact of career exploration on career development among hong kong chinese university students. J Coll Stud Dev. 2014;55(7):732–48. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1353/CSD.2014.0067

7. Massof RW. Understanding rasch and item response theory models: Applications to the estimation and validation of interval latent trait measures from responses to rating scale questionnaires. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2011;18(1):1–19. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3109/09286586.2010.545501

8. Brown SD, Lent RW. Career Development and Counseling: Putting Theory and Research to Work. Vol. 53, John Wiley & Sons. 2013. 722 p.

9. Briscoe JP, Hall DT, Frautschy DeMuth RL. Protean and boundaryless careers: An empirical exploration. J Vocat Behav. 2006;69(1):30–47. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.09.003

10. Briscoe JP, Hall DT. The interplay of boundaryless and protean careers: Combinations and implications. J Vocat Behav. 2006;69(1):4–18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.09.002

11. Xu H, Hou ZJ, Tracey TJG. Relation of Environmental and Self-Career Exploration With Career Decision-Making Difficulties in Chinese Students. J Career Assess. 2014;22(4):654–65. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072713515628

12. Dietrich J, Kracke B, Nurmi JE. Parents’ role in adolescents’ decision on a college major: A weekly diary study. J Vocat Behav [Internet]. 2011;79(1):134–44. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.12.003

13. Wang J, Fan W, Cheung FM, Wang Q, Li M. Personality and Chinese adolescents’ career exploration: The mediation effects of self-efficacy and perceived parental support. J Pacific Rim Psychol. 2019;13(e28):1–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1017/prp.2019.16

14. Porfeli EJ, Lee B, Vondracek FW, Weigold IK. A multi-dimensional measure of vocational identity status. J Adolesc [Internet]. 2011;34(5):853–71. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2011.02.001

15. Stumpf SA, Colarelli SM, Hartman K. Development of the Career Exploration Survey (CES). J Vocat Behav. 1983;22(2):191–226.

16. Bandura A. The Explanatory and Predictive Scope of Self-Efficacy Theory. J Soc Clin Psychol. 1986;4(3):359–73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1986.4.3.359

17. Solberg VS, Wills J, Redmond K, Skaff L. Use of Individualized Learning Plans: A promising practice for driving college and career readiness efforts. 2014. 1–67 p. Available from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED588651.pdf

18. Gysbers NC, Henderson P. Developing & managing your school guidance & counseling program, 5th ed. Developing & managing your school guidance & counseling program, 5th ed. 2012. xvi, 529.

19. Dimmitt C, Carey JC, Mcgannon W, Henningson I. Agenda : A Delphi Study. 2005;44(March):214–28. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.2005.tb01748.x

20. Brown SD, Ryan Krane NE, Brecheisen J, Castelino P, Budisin I, Miller M, et al. Critical ingredients of career choice interventions: More analyses and new hypotheses. J Vocat Behav. 2003;62(3):411–28. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00052-0

21. Evans M, Sommerville S. A Design For Life: Futures Thinking. Futur Res Q [Internet]. 2007;Fall. Available from: https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/598142/Evans__M___Sommerville__S__2007__A_Design_For_Life_-_Futures_Thinking_in_the_Design_Curriculum.pdf?response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DEvans_M_and_Sommerville_S_2007_A_Design.pdf&Expires=162642477

22. Van Horn, S. M., and Myrick RD. Computer technology and the 21st century school counselor. Professional School Counseling. Pros Semin Nas “Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam. 2001;5(2):124–130. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2156759X0500900306

23. McKimm J, Jollie C, Cantillon P. Web based learning. Bmj. 2003;326(7394):870. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7394.870

24. Branch RM. Instructional Design: The ADDIE Approach. Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London. 2009. 4159–4163 p. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09506-6

25. Lee, Owens DL. Multimedia based Instructional Design. Pfeiffer; 2004. 479 p. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/152342202237519

26. Plomp, Nieveen N, Folmer E. Educational Design Research Educational Design Research. Netherlands Inst Curric Dev SLO. 2013;1–206.

27. Stumpf, S. A., Colarelli, S. M., and Hartman K. Development of the Career Exploration Survey (CES). Journal of Vocational Behavior; 1983. p. 191–226. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(83)90028-3

28. Aiken LR. Content validity and reliability of single items or questionnaires. Educ Psychol Meas. 1980;40(4):955–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/001316448004000419

29. Creswell, J. W., and Creswell JD. Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). SAGE Publ. 2018;

30. Zamanzadeh V, Ghahramanian A, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Alavi-Majd H, Nikanfar AR. Design and Implementation Content Validity Study: Development of an instrument for measuring Patient-Centered Communication. J Caring Sci. 2015;4(2):165–78. Available from: https://doi.org/10.15171/jcs.2015.017

31. Polit, D. F., and Beck CT. Essentials of nursing research: Methods, appraisal, and utilization (6th ed.). Vol. 16, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006. 39–55 p.

32. Ghassani M, Ni’matuzahroh N, Anwar Z. Meningkatkan Kematangan Karir Siswa SMP Melalui Pelatihan Perencanaan Karir. J Interv Psikol. 2020;12(2):123–38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol12.iss2.art5

33. Lee SD, Aquino A, Kuncel NR, Hansen JIC. Personality predictors of career exploration: A meta-analysis. Career Dev Q. 2023;71(1):41–55. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12315

34. Beidoʇlu M, Dinçyürek S, Akintuʇ Y. The opinions of school counselors on the use of information and communication technologies in school counseling practices: North Cyprus schools. Comput Human Behav. 2015;52:466–71. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.06.022

35. Perdana, R., and Shofaria A. Keterampilan E-Counseling bagi Konselor Pendidikan dalam Meningkatkan Layanan Bimbingan Konseling di Sekolah pada Era Digital 5.0. QUANTA J Kaji Bimbing dan Konseling dalam Pendidik. 2020;5(2):1–10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22460/q.v5i2p67-78.2636

36. Petrus J, Sudibyo H. Kajian Konseptual Layanan Cyberconseling. Konselor. 2017;6(1):6–12. Available from: https://doi.org/10.24036/02017616724-0-00

37. Barak A, Klein B, Proudfoot JG. Defining internet-supported therapeutic interventions. Ann Behav Med. 2009;38(1):4–17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-009-9130-7

38. Dowling M, Rickwood D. Online counseling and therapy for mental health problems: A systematic review of individual synchronous interventions using chat. J Technol Hum Serv. 2013;31(1):1–21. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2012.728508

39. Solberg VS, Phelps LA, Haakenson KA, Durham JF, Timmons J. The Nature and Use of Individualized Learning Plans as a Promising Career Intervention Strategy. J Career Dev. 2012;39(6):500–14. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845311414571

40. Steeb DR, Zeeman JM, Bush AA, Dascanio SA, Persky AM. Exploring career development through a student-directed practicum to provide individualized learning experiences. Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2021;13(5):500–5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2021.01.020

41. Condon E, Callahan M. Individualized Career Planning for students with significant support needs utilizing the Discovery and Vocational Profile process, cross-agency collaborative funding and Social Security Work Incentives. J Vocat Rehabil. 2008;28(2):85–96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3233/JVR-2008-28202

42. Zhang Z, Yu X, Liu X. Do I decide my career? Linking career stress, career exploration, and future work self to career planning or indecision. Front Psychol. 2022;13. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.988719

43. Pratiwi F, Syakurah RA, Yuliana I, Siburian R. Relationships of Self-Efficacy, Outcome Expectation, Career Intention and Career Exploration in Nutrition Science Student’s Career Choice. 2020;25(Sicph 2019):302–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200204.063

44. Ochs LA, Roessler RT. Predictors of Career Exploration Intentions: A Social Cognitive Career Theory Perspective. Rehabil Couns Bull. 2004;47(4):224–33. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/00343552040470040401

45. Lent RW, Ezeofor I, Morrison MA, Penn LT, Ireland GW. Applying the social cognitive model of career self-management to career exploration and decision-making. J Vocat Behav [Internet]. 2016;93:47–57. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2015.12.007

46. Storme M, Celik P. Career Exploration and Career Decision-Making Difficulties: The Moderating Role of Creative Self-Efficacy. J Career Assess. 2018;26(3):445–56. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072717714540

47. Lent RW, Ireland GW, Penn LT, Morris TR, Sappington R. Sources of self-efficacy and outcome expectations for career exploration and decision-making: A test of the social cognitive model of career self-management. J Vocat Behav [Internet]. 2017;99:107–17. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.01.002

48. Ran J, Liu H, Yuan Y, Yu X, Dong T. Linking Career Exploration, Self-Reflection, Career Calling, Career Adaptability and Subjective Well-Being: A Self-Regulation Theory Perspective. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2023;16:2805–17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S416839

49. Hermawan R, Farozin M. The role of career exploration in career decision participants. COUNS-EDU Int J Couns Educ. 2018;3(4):126–32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.23916/0020180311840

50. Bin Abu Talib J, Mohamad Z, Abdul Wahab N. Effects of Career Exploration Module on Career Planning, Career Self-Efficacy and Career Maturity among Community College Students. Mediterr J Soc Sci. 2015;6(6):464–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s6p464

51. Susilo AT, Nur Wangid M, Purwanta E, Salimi M. What Influences the Success of Career Exploration in School? Data Metadata. 2024;3. Available from: https://doi.org/10.56294/dm2024.421

52. Jiang Z, Newman A, Le H, Presbitero A, Zheng C. Career exploration: A review and future research agenda. J Vocat Behav [Internet]. 2019;110:338–56. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.08.008.

Downloads

Published

2025-09-06

How to Cite

1.
Tri Susilo A, Purwanta E, Nur Wangid M, Salimi M. Omah Karier: A web-based individual planning model to enhance career exploration among junior high school students in Surakarta, Indonesia. Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología [Internet]. 2025 Sep. 6 [cited 2025 Sep. 17];5:2076. Available from: https://sct.ageditor.ar/index.php/sct/article/view/2076