Relationship between Muscle Mass by Bioimpedance and Vascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt2024.1289Keywords:
Bioimpedance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Muscle massAbstract
Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated glucose levels, which over time can cause severe vascular complications such as retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Body composition, particularly lean mass, fat-free mass, and skeletal muscle mass is a key factor in preventing these complications. This study evaluated the relationship between body composition, measured by bioimpedance, and vascular complications in T2DM patients.
Methods. A quantitative, correlational, and multivariate study was conducted with 88 T2DM patients aged 18 to 90 years from diabetes clubs in the province of Tungurahua. Bioimpedance (Inbody S10) was used to measure body composition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis with SPSS.
Results. The results showed that lean mass and fat-free mass decreased significantly with age, which correlates with a higher risk of vascular complications. Skeletal muscle mass had a weaker correlation with complications, especially in the case of retinopathy. Microvascular complications, such as neuropathy and nephropathy, were more related to lean mass and fat-free mass.
Conclusions. Preserving lean mass and fat-free mass are critical factors for reducing the risk of vascular complications in T2DM patients. Physical exercise and proper nutrition are suggested to maintain a healthy body composition, especially in older adults, as a key strategy to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Alejandra Calderón, Cristina Arteaga, Elizabeth Quiroga, Lisbeth Reales, Marcelo Pilamunga, Fernanda Marizande, Alberto Bustillos (Author)
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